核磁共振波谱仪接收机的设计与实现

介绍了液体高分辨率核磁共振波谱仪接收机的设计. 接收机以PCI-104为控制器实现网络通信与采样流程控制,通过FPGA（Field Programmable Gate Array, 现场可编程门阵列）实现数字中频接电路的控制和数据处理,简化了硬件结构;通过在接收机中引入脉冲序列生成器,产生接收机所需的采样控制信号,降低接收机与系统其他模块的耦合度. 最后组成500 MHz核磁共振波谱仪实现核磁共振信号的检测.     

用于显性脉冲式触发器的新型低功耗脉冲信号发生器

脉冲式触发器具有吸收时钟偏移和速度快的优点,为了实现高性能低功耗脉冲式触发器,提出了2种用于显性脉冲式触发器的新型低功耗双边沿脉冲信号发生器.第1种采用延时的时钟信号控制脉冲发生器内部节点的充放电路径,使它们交替导通来产生脉冲信号,减少了直流短路电流,降低了动态功耗;第2种在时钟上升沿和下降沿分别采用NMOS传输晶体管和级联PMOS管直接输出高电平脉冲信号,使其具有平衡的脉冲产生时间,有利于实现对称的输入信号建立时间,以达到脉冲式触发器最小的输入输出延时.通过HSPICE仿真,与以往同类的脉冲信号发生器相比,本文提出的2种脉冲信号发生器在平均功耗、速度、总沟道宽度等方面均有明显的优势,适用于设计高性能低功耗显性脉冲式触发器.     

888 nm LD抽运Nd∶YVO4被动锁模皮秒振荡器

报道了基于888 nm半导体抽运Nd∶YVO4晶体连续被动锁模的皮秒振荡器。通过热激发抽运方式改善激光器的热性能,提高锁模振荡器输出的平均功率与单脉冲能量。利用半导体可饱和吸收体(SESAM)实现激光器锁模运转的启动与维持。在抽运功率为60 W时,获得最大输出功率为15 W,重复频率为53 MHz的皮秒脉冲输出,光-光转换效率为24%。在输出功率为15 W时脉冲宽度为45 ps。     

Interaction of intense laser pulses with hydrogen atomic clusters

The interaction between intense femtosecond laser pulses and hydrogen atomic clusters is studied by a simplified Coulomb explosion model. The dependences of average proton kinetic energy on cluster size, pulse duration, laser intensity and wavelength are studied respectively. The calculated results indicate that the irradiation of a femtosecond laser of longer wavelength on hydrogen atomic clusters may be a simple, economical way to produce highly kinetic hydrogen ions. The phenomenon suggests that the irradiation of femtosecond laser of longer wavelength on deuterium atomic clusters may be easier than that of shorter wavelength to drive nuclear fusion reactions. The product of the laser intensity and the squared laser wavelength needed to make proton energy saturated as a function of the squared cluster radius is also investigated. The proton energy distribution calculated is also shown and compared with the experimental data. Our results are in agreement with the experimental results fairly well.     

丙三醇溶液声致发光中的黑体辐射谱

利用U型管圆锥泡声致发光装置,测量到了丙三醇溶液中圆锥泡声致发光的光谱和光脉冲。结果表明,测量得到的发光光谱为光滑的连续谱,且与理论模拟得到的黑体辐射谱相吻合,拟合温度分布于2 600～3 500 K范围内。文章从空间和时间两方面分析了圆锥泡空化发光中存在黑体辐射的原因：较大的气泡体积(气泡塌缩半径为1.4 cm)与较长的发光时间(几十微秒)。另外,实验研究表明随着发光波长的增长,光脉冲宽度变宽,从而进一步证明了圆锥泡声致发光中的黑体辐射机制。最后,利用测量得到的发光光谱和脉冲计算得到了发光光强为0.18 J,远远高于其他方式得到的声致发光光强。     

Attosecond manipulation of ionization and efficient broadband supercontinuum generation in stretched molecules

<正>We theoretically investigate the high-order harmonic generation from stretched molecules in a linearly polarized intense field.By adopting an infrared pulse combined with an ultraviolet(UV) attosecond pulse,the ionization process can be controlled effectively.In this excitation scheme,the harmonic spectrum beyond I_p+3.17U_P is significantly enhanced by two orders,where I_p and U_p=e~2E_0~2/(4m_eω~2) are the ionization and ponderomotive potential,then smooth broadband supercontinuum with the bandwidth of about 120 eV is obtained,which leads to an isolated sub-60- as attosecond pulse with a high signal-noise ratio.Moreover,the bandwidth of the supercontinuum is weakly dependent on the location and pulse duration of the UV pulse.     

Extension of high-order harmonics and generation of an isolated attosecond pulse in the chirped laser field

This paper theoretically investigates the high-order harmonic generation cutoff extension using intense few-cycle linearly chirped laser pulses. It shows that the cutoff of the harmonic can be extended remarkably by optimising the chirping parameters. The time-frequency characteristics of high-order harmonics with different chirping parameters are analysed by means of wavelet transform of the dipole acceleration. It also gives out the classical three-step model pictures of electron. By superposing a properly selected range of the harmonic spectrum, it obtains an isolated 65as pulse.     

Control of reaction channels of CsI molecule by ultra-short laser pulse

The influence of the ultra-short pulse wavelength on the populations in the three electronic states of CsI molecule is investigated using the time-dependent wave packet method. The calculated results show that the populations in the two excited states approach to the maxima at the wavelengths of 369 nm and 297 nm, respectively. The photodissociation reaction channels of the CsI molecule can be chosen by controlling the pump pulse wavelength.     

Broadband Vibrational Cooling of Cold Cesium Molecules： Theory and Experiments

The use of a broadband, frequency shaped femtosecond laser on translationally cold cesium molecules has recently demonstrated to be a very efficient method of cooling also the vibrational degree of freedom. A sample of cold molecules, initially distributed over several vibrational levels, has thus been transfered into a single selected vibrational level of the singlet X^1∑g ground electronic state. Our method is based on repeated optical pumping by laser light with a spectrum broad enough to excite all populated vibrational levels but limited in its frequency bandwidth with a spatial light modulator. In such a way we are able to eliminate transitions from the selected level, in which molecules accumulate. In this paper we briefly report the main experimental results and then address, in a detailed way by computer simulations, the perspectives for a ＂complete＂ cooling of the molecules, including also the rotational degree of freedom. Since the pumping process strongly depends on the relative shape of the ground and excited potential curves, ro-vibrational cooling through different excited states is theoretically compared.     

多管脉冲爆轰发动机外三维流场的数值计算

为研究多管脉冲爆轰发动机黏性外流场变化特点,推导了三维黏性CE/SE方法,并对7管脉冲爆轰发动机的内、外流场进行了数值计算. 7个爆轰管的排列方式是1个居中、另外6个绕其形成环状排列. 管内流场采用一维模型进行处理; 管外流场采用三维模型进行计算, 得到多管脉冲爆轰发动机黏性外流场的变化规律. 计算结果表明,此多管脉冲爆轰发动机黏性外流场中存在旋涡及多道相互作用的激波与膨胀波, 该结果对多管脉冲爆轰发动机外流场特性研究具有一定的参考价值.